Dutch Fluency
اعرف مستوايالمستوى
تسجيل الدخول

المستوى A1

Modal verbs: kunnen, moeten, willen, mogen, zullen

Kunnen (can), moeten (must, have to), willen (want), mogen (may, be allowed to) and zullen (shall, will) are modal verbs: helper verbs that add an idea like ability, duty, wish or permission to another verb. In a statement the modal comes second, and the other verb goes to the end in its dictionary form, with no te: Ik wil morgen fietsen.

The pattern

In a statement, the modal is conjugated (it changes to match the subject) and stands in position two. The other verb goes to the end as an infinitive (the dictionary form), without te.

  • kunnen (can, be able to): ik kan, jij kunt, hij kan, wij kunnen
  • moeten (must, have to): ik moet, jij moet, hij moet, wij moeten
  • willen (want): ik wil, jij wilt, hij wil, wij willen
  • mogen (may, be allowed to): ik mag, jij mag, hij mag, wij mogen
  • zullen (shall, will): ik zal, jij zult, hij zal, wij zullen
  • With jij you also hear kan, wil and zal, and these are correct too. With hij and zij (she), kan, wil, mag and zal get no extra -t. More forms are in irregular verbs in the present.
  • In a yes/no question the modal comes first, and the infinitive still goes to the end: Mag ik hier zitten?

Examples

Ik wil morgen fietsen.I want to cycle tomorrow.
Mei wil een nieuwe fiets kopen.Mei wants to buy a new bike.
Sanne kan goed zwemmen.Sanne can swim well.
Daan moet vandaag tot zes uur werken.Daan has to work until six today.
Fatima moet om acht uur bij de huisarts zijn.Fatima has to be at the GP at eight.
Mag ik hier zitten?May I sit here?
Je mag hier niet roken.You are not allowed to smoke here.
Ik zal je morgen bellen.I will call you tomorrow.
Zullen we koffie drinken?Shall we have a coffee?

Why it works this way

Think of the modal and the infinitive as two bookends. The modal stands in second place and does the grammar work: it matches the subject. The infinitive stands at the end and only names the action. Everything else (morgen, goed, een nieuwe fiets) goes in between. You will meet this two-place pattern again and again; see the verb bracket.

English helps you here. You already say I can swim, not I can to swim. Dutch treats all five modals that way, so willen works like can: Ik wil zwemmen, with no te.

Willen is a false friend: ik wil means I want, not I will. To promise something, use zullen: Ik zal je helpen. For plans, people often just use the present tense: Ik bel je morgen. More in Zullen.

When a direction follows, Dutch often leaves out the second verb: Ik moet naar de gemeente. (I have to go to the town hall.) One related verb does need te: hoeven, as in Je hoeft niet te komen. That is the next lesson.

Remember: the modal does the paperwork in second place, and the infinitive just waits at the end, unchanged, like a bike parked at the station.

Watch out

  • خطأIk wil te fietsen.

    صوابIk wil fietsen.

    no te after a modal

  • خطأIk wil eten een appel.

    صوابIk wil een appel eten.

    the infinitive goes to the end

  • خطأHij wilt naar huis.

    صوابHij wil naar huis.

    hij wil has no -t

  • خطأMei kan goed zwem.

    صوابMei kan goed zwemmen.

    use the full infinitive, not the stem

Quick check

  1. Fill in the right form of willen: Bas ... morgen fietsen.
  2. Fill in the right form of mogen: ... ik hier mijn fiets parkeren?
  3. Fix the sentence: Wij moeten te werken.
  4. Put the words in order, starting with Ahmed: koken, kan, goed.
اعرض الإجابات
  1. wil: with hij or a name like Bas, willen has no -t.
  2. Mag: ik mag, and in a question the modal comes first.
  3. Wij moeten werken.: no te after a modal.
  4. Ahmed kan goed koken.: the modal comes second, the infinitive goes to the end.

Use it today

Tonight, say three sentences out loud about your plans for tomorrow: one with moet, one with wil and one with kan, such as Ik moet morgen boodschappen doen. Check that the second verb comes at the end each time.

أسئلة المتعلمين

Do you use te after kunnen, moeten or willen in Dutch?

No. After kunnen, moeten, willen, mogen and zullen the other verb is a plain infinitive: Ik wil fietsen, not Ik wil te fietsen. The verb hoeven is different and does take te.

Where does the second verb go in a Dutch sentence with a modal verb?

In a statement the modal verb comes in second place and the other verb goes to the end of the sentence as an infinitive. For example: Ik wil morgen fietsen (I want to cycle tomorrow).

Does ik wil mean I will in Dutch?

No, ik wil means I want. To promise something, Dutch uses zullen (Ik zal je helpen), and for plans people often simply use the present tense.

هل هذه القاعدة في مستواك؟

يُظهر اختبار تحديد المستوى المجاني أين أنت، لتعرف القواعد التي تتعلمها بعد ذلك.

آخر تحديث 2026-10-08. حرة للمشاركة والتعديل بموجب CC BY-SA 4.0، مع ذكر Dutch Fluency.