Dutch Fluency
تعیین سطح منسطح
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سطح B2

Zien, horen, voelen plus an infinitive

To say that you see, hear or feel something happen, put a plain infinitive (the dictionary form of a verb, like lopen) at the end, after zien, horen or voelen, with no te: Ik zie hem lopen. The person you perceive sits in between, in the object form (hem, not hij). In the perfect tense (the past with hebben), the verb of the senses becomes an infinitive too: Ik heb hem zien lopen, not gezien.

The pattern

After zien, horen and voelen, the action you perceive is a plain infinitive at the end of the clause, without te. In the perfect, the verb of the senses turns into an infinitive as well: Ik heb haar horen zingen.

  • Present or past: Ik hoor de kinderen lachen, Ik voelde iets langs mijn been kruipen.
  • The person or thing you perceive is the object, so pronouns take the object form: Ik zag hem vallen, Ik hoorde haar roepen.
  • No te here, unlike after proberen or vergeten (see infinitives with te).
  • Perfect: hebben + zien, horen or voelen + the other infinitive. The auxiliary stays hebben even when the second verb normally takes zijn: Ik heb de bus zien vertrekken.
  • In a subordinate clause (a clause with dat, omdat and so on), all the verbs gather at the end: Ze zegt dat ze hem heeft zien lopen.
  • Kijken and luisteren do not combine with an infinitive like this. For "I watched him cycle off", use zien or a clause with hoe: Ik keek hoe hij wegfietste.

Examples

Ik zie hem elke ochtend langs het kanaal lopen.I see him walking along the canal every morning.
Gisteravond hoorde ik de buren weer ruzie maken.Last night I heard the neighbours arguing again.
Vlak voor een presentatie voel ik altijd mijn hart kloppen.Just before a presentation I always feel my heart pounding.
Ik zag mijn trein vertrekken terwijl ik nog naar het perron rende.I watched my train leave while I was still running to the platform.
Hoorde je Priya net over de reorganisatie praten?Did you just hear Priya talking about the reorganisation?
Ik heb hem nog nooit zo hard zien fietsen.I have never seen him cycle so fast.
Mei heeft de pakketbezorger niet horen aanbellen.Mei didn't hear the delivery driver ring the bell.
De buren vertelden dat ze de vloer hadden voelen trillen.The neighbours said they had felt the floor shake.
De huisarts vroeg of ik mijn hart weleens een slag voelde overslaan.The GP asked whether I ever felt my heart skip a beat.

Why it works this way

This pattern usually reports something you perceive yourself, while it happens. A dat clause after the same verb often means something quite different:

  • Ik hoorde Joris zingen. You heard the singing yourself.
  • Ik hoorde dat Joris gaat verhuizen. Someone told you the news.
  • Ik voel mijn hart kloppen. A physical sensation.
  • Ik voel dat er iets niet klopt. A hunch.

English often uses an -ing form here (I heard the baby crying). Dutch uses the infinitive for both "cry" and "crying"; the -end form has other jobs (see the present participle).

Grammatically, zien, horen and voelen behave like modal verbs and laten: they take a bare infinitive and form a verb cluster (a group of verbs together). In the perfect, verbs of this group appear as an infinitive instead of a past participle when another infinitive depends on them. You met this in verb clusters with Ik heb kunnen komen. With no second verb, the normal participle returns: Ik heb hem gezien.

When you do see te after one of these verbs, it has another meaning: De printer hoort gewoon te werken (the printer is supposed to just work), We moeten de trein van acht uur zien te halen (we have to try to catch the eight o'clock train).

Remember: glue two sentences together. Ik zie hem. Hij loopt. becomes Ik zie hem lopen: hem stays an object, hij disappears, and loopt turns back into the infinitive lopen, which moves to the end. In the perfect, two infinitives stand side by side and neither gets ge-.

Watch out

  • نادرستIk hoorde Daan te fluiten

    درستIk hoorde Daan fluiten

    no te when you mean hearing something happen

  • نادرستIk zag hij de fiets pakken

    درستIk zag hem de fiets pakken

    the person you see is the object

  • نادرستIk heb haar gezien vertrekken

    درستIk heb haar zien vertrekken

    with a second verb, zien stays an infinitive

  • نادرستIk heb hem lopen zien

    درستIk heb hem zien lopen

    German puts the verb of the senses last; Dutch puts it first

  • نادرستIk hoorde de baby huilend

    درستIk hoorde de baby huilen

    English "crying" becomes a plain infinitive here

Quick check

  1. Choose: Op het perron zag ik Ahmed naar de verkeerde trein ... (rennen, te rennen, rennend)
  2. Fill in heeft or is: Joris ... de kat van het dak zien springen.
  3. Choose: Ik hoorde ... in de gang telefoneren. (zij, haar)
  4. Fix the verb form and keep the perfect: Tijdens de storm heb ik het hele huis gevoeld trillen.
نمایش پاسخ‌ها
  1. rennen: a plain infinitive, without te and without -end.
  2. heeft: zien takes hebben, whatever verb follows it.
  3. haar: the person you hear is the object of horen.
  4. Tijdens de storm heb ik het hele huis voelen trillen. With a second verb, voelen stays an infinitive.

Use it today

Tonight, write three sentences about your day: something you saw, something you heard and something you felt, such as Ik zag een man zijn fiets uit de gracht vissen. Then rewrite one of them in the perfect, so that zien, horen or voelen turns into an infinitive.

پرسش‌های زبان‌آموزان

Do you use te after zien and horen in Dutch?

No, not when you mean seeing or hearing something happen: say "Ik hoor de kinderen lachen", with a plain infinitive. Te only appears when these verbs have another meaning, as in "Dat hoort te werken" (that is supposed to work).

Is it "ik heb hem zien lopen" or "ik heb hem gezien lopen"?

The correct form is "ik heb hem zien lopen". When zien, horen or voelen has another infinitive depending on it, the perfect uses the infinitive instead of the participle, just like modal verbs; without a second verb you say "ik heb hem gezien".

How do you say "I heard him singing" in Dutch?

Say "Ik hoorde hem zingen". Dutch uses a plain infinitive where English often uses an -ing form, and the person you hear takes the object form, so hem rather than hij.

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به‌روزرسانی 2026-10-09. آزاد برای اشتراک و تغییر با مجوز CC BY-SA 4.0، با ذکر نام Dutch Fluency.